Psychology is a fascinating field of study, with a vast array of phenomena to explore. From the phenomenon of classical conditioning to the bystander effect, there are countless psychological phenomena that can be studied. Here are 100 examples of psychological phenomena:
1. Priming – the process of preparing or influencing the response to a stimulus.2. Cognitive dissonance – the uncomfortable feeling that arises when two conflicting beliefs are held at the same time.
3. Self-fulfilling prophecy – the belief that one’s expectations will be fulfilled.
4. Transference – the unconscious redirection of feelings from one person to another.
5. Projection – the attribution of one’s own thoughts, feelings, or attitudes to another person.
6. Reciprocal determinism – the mutual influence of the person and the environment.
7. Attribution bias – the tendency to attribute one’s own behavior to external factors.
8. Social facilitation – the tendency for people to perform better in the presence of others.
9. Social loafing – the tendency for people to work less hard when working in a group.
10. Groupthink – the tendency of people in a group to think and act in a similar way.
11. Obedience to authority – the tendency of people to obey orders from an authority figure.
12. Conformity – the tendency of people to conform to the norms of a group.
13. Social comparison – the tendency to compare oneself to others in order to evaluate one’s own abilities and opinions.
14. Cognitive bias – the tendency to make decisions based on mental shortcuts.
15. Self-serving bias – the tendency to attribute one’s successes to internal factors and one’s failures to external factors.
- Confirmation Bias
- Tunnel Vision
- Cognitive Dissonance
- Priming Effect
- Placebo Effect
- False Memory
- Attitude Polarization
- Social Desirability Bias
- Fundamental Attribution Error
- Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
- Loss Aversion
- Primacy Effect
- Recency Effect
- Outcome Bias
- Overconfidence Bias
- Availability Heuristic
- Attentional Bias
- Affective Forecasting Error
- Representativeness Heuristic
- Anchoring Bias
- Illusion of Control
- Cognitive Fixation
- Regression to the Mean
- Illusory Correlation
- Observer-Expectancy Effect
- Hindsight Bias
- Expectation Effect
- Priming
- Embarrassment
- Frustration
- Guilt
- Stress
- Anxiety
- Catastrophizing
- Memory Dissonance
- Perception Dissonance
- Self-Deception
- Self-Serving Bias
- Subliminal Perception
- Suggestibility
- Social Comparison
- Impression Management
- Self-Efficacy
- Self-Handicapping
- Self-Monitoring
- Self-Perception
- Overjustification Effect
- Attributional Style
- Self-Esteem
- Self-Complexity
- Self-Verification
- Inferiority Complex
- Defensiveness
- Coping
- Learned Helplessness
- Counterfactual Thinking
- Attitude Formation
- Attitude Change
- Cognitive Restructuring
- Cognitive Reappraisal
- Operant Conditioning
- Classical Conditioning
- Implicit Bias
- Implicit Memory
- Intergroup Bias
- Obedience
- Altruism
- Communication Apprehension
- Cognitive Load
- Cognitive Overload
- Deindividuation
Psychology is a fascinating field that has been studied for centuries, and its understanding of human behavior continues to grow. There are myriad psychological phenomena that influence human behavior, and here we offer 100 examples of just some of the major psychological phenomena.
First, we have the concept of classical conditioning, which is the idea that stimuli can be associated with certain behaviors. This is the idea behind Pavlov's famous experiment in which he conditioned dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell. Other classic examples include the conditioned emotional response, which is the idea that a person can learn to respond to a situation with an emotion based on past experiences.
Second, we have the idea of operant conditioning, which is the idea that behaviors can be modified by rewards and punishments. This is the concept behind Skinner's famous experiments in which he was able to shape the behavior of rats by providing positive or negative reinforcement for certain behaviors. Other examples include the concept of feedback loops, which is the idea that one action can lead to another and cause a chain reaction.
Third, we have the concept of cognitive dissonance, which is the idea that people will adjust their beliefs and behaviors in order to reduce the inconsistency between them. For example, someone who smokes cigarettes may rationalize their behavior by telling themselves that it is not as bad as it seems. Similarly, the bystander effect is the idea that individuals are less likely to act in a given situation if there are others around who could potentially act.
Finally, we have the concept of confirmation bias, which is the idea that people will seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs and ignore information that contradicts them. This is often seen in political debates, in which each side will look for evidence to back up their argument while ignoring evidence that would weaken it.
In conclusion, these are just some of the many psychological phenomena that can influence human behavior.
First, we have the concept of classical conditioning, which is the idea that stimuli can be associated with certain behaviors. This is the idea behind Pavlov's famous experiment in which he conditioned dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell. Other classic examples include the conditioned emotional response, which is the idea that a person can learn to respond to a situation with an emotion based on past experiences.
Second, we have the idea of operant conditioning, which is the idea that behaviors can be modified by rewards and punishments. This is the concept behind Skinner's famous experiments in which he was able to shape the behavior of rats by providing positive or negative reinforcement for certain behaviors. Other examples include the concept of feedback loops, which is the idea that one action can lead to another and cause a chain reaction.
Third, we have the concept of cognitive dissonance, which is the idea that people will adjust their beliefs and behaviors in order to reduce the inconsistency between them. For example, someone who smokes cigarettes may rationalize their behavior by telling themselves that it is not as bad as it seems. Similarly, the bystander effect is the idea that individuals are less likely to act in a given situation if there are others around who could potentially act.
Finally, we have the concept of confirmation bias, which is the idea that people will seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs and ignore information that contradicts them. This is often seen in political debates, in which each side will look for evidence to back up their argument while ignoring evidence that would weaken it.
In conclusion, these are just some of the many psychological phenomena that can influence human behavior.
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